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#include "Python.h"
#include "structmember.h"
#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02070000 && !defined(PyOS_string_to_double)
#define PyOS_string_to_double json_PyOS_string_to_double
static double
json_PyOS_string_to_double(const char *s, char **endptr, PyObject *overflow_exception);
static double
json_PyOS_string_to_double(const char *s, char **endptr, PyObject *overflow_exception) {
    double x;
    assert(endptr == NULL);
    assert(overflow_exception == NULL);
    PyFPE_START_PROTECT("json_PyOS_string_to_double", return -1.0;)
    x = PyOS_ascii_atof(s);
    PyFPE_END_PROTECT(x)
    return x;
}
#endif
#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02060000 && !defined(Py_TYPE)
#define Py_TYPE(ob)     (((PyObject*)(ob))->ob_type)
#endif
#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02050000 && !defined(PY_SSIZE_T_MIN)
typedef int Py_ssize_t;
#define PY_SSIZE_T_MAX INT_MAX
#define PY_SSIZE_T_MIN INT_MIN
#define PyInt_FromSsize_t PyInt_FromLong
#define PyInt_AsSsize_t PyInt_AsLong
#endif
#ifndef Py_IS_FINITE
#define Py_IS_FINITE(X) (!Py_IS_INFINITY(X) && !Py_IS_NAN(X))
#endif

#ifdef __GNUC__
#define UNUSED __attribute__((__unused__))
#else
#define UNUSED
#endif

#define DEFAULT_ENCODING "utf-8"

#define PyScanner_Check(op) PyObject_TypeCheck(op, &PyScannerType)
#define PyScanner_CheckExact(op) (Py_TYPE(op) == &PyScannerType)
#define PyEncoder_Check(op) PyObject_TypeCheck(op, &PyEncoderType)
#define PyEncoder_CheckExact(op) (Py_TYPE(op) == &PyEncoderType)
#define Decimal_Check(op) (PyObject_TypeCheck(op, DecimalTypePtr))

static PyTypeObject PyScannerType;
static PyTypeObject PyEncoderType;
static PyTypeObject *DecimalTypePtr;

typedef struct _PyScannerObject {
    PyObject_HEAD
    PyObject *encoding;
    PyObject *strict;
    PyObject *object_hook;
    PyObject *pairs_hook;
    PyObject *parse_float;
    PyObject *parse_int;
    PyObject *parse_constant;
    PyObject *memo;
} PyScannerObject;

static PyMemberDef scanner_members[] = {
    {"encoding", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PyScannerObject, encoding), READONLY, "encoding"},
    {"strict", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PyScannerObject, strict), READONLY, "strict"},
    {"object_hook", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PyScannerObject, object_hook), READONLY, "object_hook"},
    {"object_pairs_hook", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PyScannerObject, pairs_hook), READONLY, "object_pairs_hook"},
    {"parse_float", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PyScannerObject, parse_float), READONLY, "parse_float"},
    {"parse_int", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PyScannerObject, parse_int), READONLY, "parse_int"},
    {"parse_constant", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PyScannerObject, parse_constant), READONLY, "parse_constant"},
    {NULL}
};

typedef struct _PyEncoderObject {
    PyObject_HEAD
    PyObject *markers;
    PyObject *defaultfn;
    PyObject *encoder;
    PyObject *indent;
    PyObject *key_separator;
    PyObject *item_separator;
    PyObject *sort_keys;
    PyObject *skipkeys;
    PyObject *key_memo;
    int fast_encode;
    int allow_nan;
    int use_decimal;
} PyEncoderObject;

static PyMemberDef encoder_members[] = {
    {"markers", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PyEncoderObject, markers), READONLY, "markers"},
    {"default", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PyEncoderObject, defaultfn), READONLY, "default"},
    {"encoder", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PyEncoderObject, encoder), READONLY, "encoder"},
    {"indent", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PyEncoderObject, indent), READONLY, "indent"},
    {"key_separator", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PyEncoderObject, key_separator), READONLY, "key_separator"},
    {"item_separator", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PyEncoderObject, item_separator), READONLY, "item_separator"},
    {"sort_keys", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PyEncoderObject, sort_keys), READONLY, "sort_keys"},
    {"skipkeys", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PyEncoderObject, skipkeys), READONLY, "skipkeys"},
    {"key_memo", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PyEncoderObject, key_memo), READONLY, "key_memo"},
    {NULL}
};

static Py_ssize_t
ascii_escape_char(Py_UNICODE c, char *output, Py_ssize_t chars);
static PyObject *
ascii_escape_unicode(PyObject *pystr);
static PyObject *
ascii_escape_str(PyObject *pystr);
static PyObject *
py_encode_basestring_ascii(PyObject* self UNUSED, PyObject *pystr);
void init_speedups(void);
static PyObject *
scan_once_str(PyScannerObject *s, PyObject *pystr, Py_ssize_t idx, Py_ssize_t *next_idx_ptr);
static PyObject *
scan_once_unicode(PyScannerObject *s, PyObject *pystr, Py_ssize_t idx, Py_ssize_t *next_idx_ptr);
static PyObject *
_build_rval_index_tuple(PyObject *rval, Py_ssize_t idx);
static PyObject *
scanner_new(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds);
static int
scanner_init(PyObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds);
static void
scanner_dealloc(PyObject *self);
static int
scanner_clear(PyObject *self);
static PyObject *
encoder_new(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds);
static int
encoder_init(PyObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds);
static void
encoder_dealloc(PyObject *self);
static int
encoder_clear(PyObject *self);
static int
encoder_listencode_list(PyEncoderObject *s, PyObject *rval, PyObject *seq, Py_ssize_t indent_level);
static int
encoder_listencode_obj(PyEncoderObject *s, PyObject *rval, PyObject *obj, Py_ssize_t indent_level);
static int
encoder_listencode_dict(PyEncoderObject *s, PyObject *rval, PyObject *dct, Py_ssize_t indent_level);
static PyObject *
_encoded_const(PyObject *obj);
static void
raise_errmsg(char *msg, PyObject *s, Py_ssize_t end);
static PyObject *
encoder_encode_string(PyEncoderObject *s, PyObject *obj);
static int
_convertPyInt_AsSsize_t(PyObject *o, Py_ssize_t *size_ptr);
static PyObject *
_convertPyInt_FromSsize_t(Py_ssize_t *size_ptr);
static PyObject *
encoder_encode_float(PyEncoderObject *s, PyObject *obj);

#define S_CHAR(c) (c >= ' ' && c <= '~' && c != '\\' && c != '"')
#define IS_WHITESPACE(c) (((c) == ' ') || ((c) == '\t') || ((c) == '\n') || ((c) == '\r'))

#define MIN_EXPANSION 6
#ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
#define MAX_EXPANSION (2 * MIN_EXPANSION)
#else
#define MAX_EXPANSION MIN_EXPANSION
#endif

static int
_convertPyInt_AsSsize_t(PyObject *o, Py_ssize_t *size_ptr)
{
    /* PyObject to Py_ssize_t converter */
    *size_ptr = PyInt_AsSsize_t(o);
    if (*size_ptr == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())
        return 0;
    return 1;
}

static PyObject *
_convertPyInt_FromSsize_t(Py_ssize_t *size_ptr)
{
    /* Py_ssize_t to PyObject converter */
    return PyInt_FromSsize_t(*size_ptr);
}

static Py_ssize_t
ascii_escape_char(Py_UNICODE c, char *output, Py_ssize_t chars)
{
    /* Escape unicode code point c to ASCII escape sequences
    in char *output. output must have at least 12 bytes unused to
    accommodate an escaped surrogate pair "\uXXXX\uXXXX" */
    output[chars++] = '\\';
    switch (c) {
        case '\\': output[chars++] = (char)c; break;
        case '"': output[chars++] = (char)c; break;
        case '\b': output[chars++] = 'b'; break;
        case '\f': output[chars++] = 'f'; break;
        case '\n': output[chars++] = 'n'; break;
        case '\r': output[chars++] = 'r'; break;
        case '\t': output[chars++] = 't'; break;
        default:
#ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
            if (c >= 0x10000) {
                /* UTF-16 surrogate pair */
                Py_UNICODE v = c - 0x10000;
                c = 0xd800 | ((v >> 10) & 0x3ff);
                output[chars++] = 'u';
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                output[chars++] = "0123456789abcdef"[(c >> 12) & 0xf];
                output[chars++] = "0123456789abcdef"[(c >>  8) & 0xf];
                output[chars++] = "0123456789abcdef"[(c >>  4) & 0xf];
                output[chars++] = "0123456789abcdef"[(c      ) & 0xf];
                c = 0xdc00 | (v & 0x3ff);
                output[chars++] = '\\';
            }
#endif
            output[chars++] = 'u';
            output[chars++] = "0123456789abcdef"[(c >> 12) & 0xf];
            output[chars++] = "0123456789abcdef"[(c >>  8) & 0xf];
            output[chars++] = "0123456789abcdef"[(c >>  4) & 0xf];
            output[chars++] = "0123456789abcdef"[(c      ) & 0xf];
    }
    return chars;
}

static PyObject *
ascii_escape_unicode(PyObject *pystr)
{
    /* Take a PyUnicode pystr and return a new ASCII-only escaped PyString */
    Py_ssize_t i;
    Py_ssize_t input_chars;
    Py_ssize_t output_size;
    Py_ssize_t max_output_size;
    Py_ssize_t chars;
    PyObject *rval;
    char *output;
    Py_UNICODE *input_unicode;

    input_chars = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(pystr);
    input_unicode = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(pystr);

    /* One char input can be up to 6 chars output, estimate 4 of these */
    output_size = 2 + (MIN_EXPANSION * 4) + input_chars;
    max_output_size = 2 + (input_chars * MAX_EXPANSION);
    rval = PyString_FromStringAndSize(NULL, output_size);
    if (rval == NULL) {
        return NULL;
    }
    output = PyString_AS_STRING(rval);
    chars = 0;
    output[chars++] = '"';
    for (i = 0; i < input_chars; i++) {
        Py_UNICODE c = input_unicode[i];
        if (S_CHAR(c)) {
            output[chars++] = (char)c;
        }
        else {
            chars = ascii_escape_char(c, output, chars);
        }
        if (output_size - chars < (1 + MAX_EXPANSION)) {
            /* There's more than four, so let's resize by a lot */
            Py_ssize_t new_output_size = output_size * 2;
            /* This is an upper bound */
            if (new_output_size > max_output_size) {
                new_output_size = max_output_size;
            }
            /* Make sure that the output size changed before resizing */
            if (new_output_size != output_size) {
                output_size = new_output_size;
                if (_PyString_Resize(&rval, output_size) == -1) {
                    return NULL;
                }
                output = PyString_AS_STRING(rval);
            }
        }
    }
    output[chars++] = '"';
    if (_PyString_Resize(&rval, chars) == -1) {
        return NULL;
    }
    return rval;
}

static PyObject *
ascii_escape_str(PyObject *pystr)
{
    /* Take a PyString pystr and return a new ASCII-only escaped PyString */
    Py_ssize_t i;
    Py_ssize_t input_chars;
    Py_ssize_t output_size;
    Py_ssize_t chars;
    PyObject *rval;
    char *output;
    char *input_str;

    input_chars = PyString_GET_SIZE(pystr);
    input_str = PyString_AS_STRING(pystr);

    /* Fast path for a string that's already ASCII */
    for (i = 0; i < input_chars; i++) {
        Py_UNICODE c = (Py_UNICODE)(unsigned char)input_str[i];
        if (!S_CHAR(c)) {
            /* If we have to escape something, scan the string for unicode */
            Py_ssize_t j;
            for (j = i; j < input_chars; j++) {
                c = (Py_UNICODE)(unsigned char)input_str[j];
                if (c > 0x7f) {
                    /* We hit a non-ASCII character, bail to unicode mode */
                    PyObject *uni;
                    uni = PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8(input_str, input_chars, "strict");
                    if (uni == NULL) {
                        return NULL;
                    }
                    rval = ascii_escape_unicode(uni);
                    Py_DECREF(uni);
                    return rval;
                }
            }
            break;
        }
    }

    if (i == input_chars) {
        /* Input is already ASCII */
        output_size = 2 + input_chars;
    }
    else {
        /* One char input can be up to 6 chars output, estimate 4 of these */
        output_size = 2 + (MIN_EXPANSION * 4) + input_chars;
    }
    rval = PyString_FromStringAndSize(NULL, output_size);
    if (rval == NULL) {
        return NULL;
    }
    output = PyString_AS_STRING(rval);
    output[0] = '"';

    /* We know that everything up to i is ASCII already */
    chars = i + 1;
    memcpy(&output[1], input_str, i);

    for (; i < input_chars; i++) {
        Py_UNICODE c = (Py_UNICODE)(unsigned char)input_str[i];
        if (S_CHAR(c)) {
            output[chars++] = (char)c;
        }
        else {
            chars = ascii_escape_char(c, output, chars);
        }
        /* An ASCII char can't possibly expand to a surrogate! */
        if (output_size - chars < (1 + MIN_EXPANSION)) {
            /* There's more than four, so let's resize by a lot */
            output_size *= 2;
            if (output_size > 2 + (input_chars * MIN_EXPANSION)) {
                output_size = 2 + (input_chars * MIN_EXPANSION);
            }
            if (_PyString_Resize(&rval, output_size) == -1) {
                return NULL;
            }
            output = PyString_AS_STRING(rval);
        }
    }
    output[chars++] = '"';
    if (_PyString_Resize(&rval, chars) == -1) {
        return NULL;
    }
    return rval;
}

static void
raise_errmsg(char *msg, PyObject *s, Py_ssize_t end)
{
    /* Use the Python function simplejson.decoder.errmsg to raise a nice
    looking ValueError exception */
    static PyObject *JSONDecodeError = NULL;
    PyObject *exc;
    if (JSONDecodeError == NULL) {
        PyObject *decoder = PyImport_ImportModule("simplejson.decoder");
        if (decoder == NULL)
            return;
        JSONDecodeError = PyObject_GetAttrString(decoder, "JSONDecodeError");
        Py_DECREF(decoder);
        if (JSONDecodeError == NULL)
            return;
    }
    exc = PyObject_CallFunction(JSONDecodeError, "(zOO&)", msg, s, _convertPyInt_FromSsize_t, &end);
    if (exc) {
        PyErr_SetObject(JSONDecodeError, exc);
        Py_DECREF(exc);
    }
}

static PyObject *
join_list_unicode(PyObject *lst)
{
    /* return u''.join(lst) */
    static PyObject *joinfn = NULL;
    if (joinfn == NULL) {
        PyObject *ustr = PyUnicode_FromUnicode(NULL, 0);
        if (ustr == NULL)
            return NULL;

        joinfn = PyObject_GetAttrString(ustr, "join");
        Py_DECREF(ustr);
        if (joinfn == NULL)
            return NULL;
    }
    return PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(joinfn, lst, NULL);
}

static PyObject *
join_list_string(PyObject *lst)
{
    /* return ''.join(lst) */
    static PyObject *joinfn = NULL;
    if (joinfn == NULL) {
        PyObject *ustr = PyString_FromStringAndSize(NULL, 0);
        if (ustr == NULL)
            return NULL;

        joinfn = PyObject_GetAttrString(ustr, "join");
        Py_DECREF(ustr);
        if (joinfn == NULL)
            return NULL;
    }
    return PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(joinfn, lst, NULL);
}

static PyObject *
_build_rval_index_tuple(PyObject *rval, Py_ssize_t idx) {
    /* return (rval, idx) tuple, stealing reference to rval */
    PyObject *tpl;
    PyObject *pyidx;
    /*
    steal a reference to rval, returns (rval, idx)
    */
    if (rval == NULL) {
        return NULL;
    }
    pyidx = PyInt_FromSsize_t(idx);
    if (pyidx == NULL) {
        Py_DECREF(rval);
        return NULL;
    }
    tpl = PyTuple_New(2);
    if (tpl == NULL) {
        Py_DECREF(pyidx);
        Py_DECREF(rval);
        return NULL;
    }
    PyTuple_SET_ITEM(tpl, 0, rval);
    PyTuple_SET_ITEM(tpl, 1, pyidx);
    return tpl;
}

#define APPEND_OLD_CHUNK \
    if (chunk != NULL) { \
        if (chunks == NULL) { \
            chunks = PyList_New(0); \
            if (chunks == NULL) { \
                goto bail; \
            } \
        } \
        if (PyList_Append(chunks, chunk)) { \
            goto bail; \
        } \
        Py_CLEAR(chunk); \
    }

static PyObject *
scanstring_str(PyObject *pystr, Py_ssize_t end, char *encoding, int strict, Py_ssize_t *next_end_ptr)
{
    /* Read the JSON string from PyString pystr.
    end is the index of the first character after the quote.
    encoding is the encoding of pystr (must be an ASCII superset)
    if strict is zero then literal control characters are allowed
    *next_end_ptr is a return-by-reference index of the character
        after the end quote

    Return value is a new PyString (if ASCII-only) or PyUnicode
    */
    PyObject *rval;
    Py_ssize_t len = PyString_GET_SIZE(pystr);
    Py_ssize_t begin = end - 1;
    Py_ssize_t next = begin;
    int has_unicode = 0;
    char *buf = PyString_AS_STRING(pystr);
    PyObject *chunks = NULL;
    PyObject *chunk = NULL;

    if (end < 0 || len <= end) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "end is out of bounds");
        goto bail;
    }
    while (1) {
        /* Find the end of the string or the next escape */
        Py_UNICODE c = 0;
        for (next = end; next < len; next++) {
            c = (unsigned char)buf[next];
            if (c == '"' || c == '\\') {
                break;
            }
            else if (strict && c <= 0x1f) {
                raise_errmsg("Invalid control character at", pystr, next);
                goto bail;
            }
            else if (c > 0x7f) {
                has_unicode = 1;
            }
        }
        if (!(c == '"' || c == '\\')) {
            raise_errmsg("Unterminated string starting at", pystr, begin);
            goto bail;
        }
        /* Pick up this chunk if it's not zero length */
        if (next != end) {
            PyObject *strchunk;
            APPEND_OLD_CHUNK
            strchunk = PyString_FromStringAndSize(&buf[end], next - end);
            if (strchunk == NULL) {
                goto bail;
            }
            if (has_unicode) {
                chunk = PyUnicode_FromEncodedObject(strchunk, encoding, NULL);
                Py_DECREF(strchunk);
                if (chunk == NULL) {
                    goto bail;
                }
            }
            else {
                chunk = strchunk;
            }
        }
        next++;
        if (c == '"') {
            end = next;
            break;
        }
        if (next == len) {
            raise_errmsg("Unterminated string starting at", pystr, begin);
            goto bail;
        }
        c = buf[next];
        if (c != 'u') {
            /* Non-unicode backslash escapes */
            end = next + 1;
            switch (c) {
                case '"': break;
                case '\\': break;
                case '/': break;
                case 'b': c = '\b'; break;
                case 'f': c = '\f'; break;
                case 'n': c = '\n'; break;
                case 'r': c = '\r'; break;
                case 't': c = '\t'; break;
                default: c = 0;
            }
            if (c == 0) {
                raise_errmsg("Invalid \\escape", pystr, end - 2);
                goto bail;
            }
        }
        else {
            c = 0;
            next++;
            end = next + 4;
            if (end >= len) {
                raise_errmsg("Invalid \\uXXXX escape", pystr, next - 1);
                goto bail;
            }
            /* Decode 4 hex digits */
            for (; next < end; next++) {
                Py_UNICODE digit = buf[next];
                c <<= 4;
                switch (digit) {
                    case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
                    case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
                        c |= (digit - '0'); break;
                    case 'a': case 'b': case 'c': case 'd': case 'e':
                    case 'f':
                        c |= (digit - 'a' + 10); break;
                    case 'A': case 'B': case 'C': case 'D': case 'E':
                    case 'F':
                        c |= (digit - 'A' + 10); break;
                    default:
                        raise_errmsg("Invalid \\uXXXX escape", pystr, end - 5);
                        goto bail;
                }
            }
#ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
            /* Surrogate pair */
            if ((c & 0xfc00) == 0xd800) {
                Py_UNICODE c2 = 0;
                if (end + 6 >= len) {
                    raise_errmsg("Unpaired high surrogate", pystr, end - 5);
                    goto bail;
                }
                if (buf[next++] != '\\' || buf[next++] != 'u') {
                    raise_errmsg("Unpaired high surrogate", pystr, end - 5);
                    goto bail;
                }
                end += 6;
                /* Decode 4 hex digits */
                for (; next < end; next++) {
                    c2 <<= 4;
                    Py_UNICODE digit = buf[next];
                    switch (digit) {
                        case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
                        case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
                            c2 |= (digit - '0'); break;
                        case 'a': case 'b': case 'c': case 'd': case 'e':
                        case 'f':
                            c2 |= (digit - 'a' + 10); break;
                        case 'A': case 'B': case 'C': case 'D': case 'E':
                        case 'F':
                            c2 |= (digit - 'A' + 10); break;
                        default:
                            raise_errmsg("Invalid \\uXXXX escape", pystr, end - 5);
                            goto bail;
                    }
                }
                if ((c2 & 0xfc00) != 0xdc00) {
                    raise_errmsg("Unpaired high surrogate", pystr, end - 5);
                    goto bail;
                }
                c = 0x10000 + (((c - 0xd800) << 10) | (c2 - 0xdc00));
            }
            else if ((c & 0xfc00) == 0xdc00) {
                raise_errmsg("Unpaired low surrogate", pystr, end - 5);
                goto bail;
            }
#endif
        }
        if (c > 0x7f) {
            has_unicode = 1;
        }
        APPEND_OLD_CHUNK
        if (has_unicode) {
            chunk = PyUnicode_FromUnicode(&c, 1);
            if (chunk == NULL) {
                goto bail;
            }
        }
        else {
            char c_char = Py_CHARMASK(c);
            chunk = PyString_FromStringAndSize(&c_char, 1);
            if (chunk == NULL) {
                goto bail;
            }
        }
    }

    if (chunks == NULL) {
        if (chunk != NULL)
            rval = chunk;
        else
            rval = PyString_FromStringAndSize("", 0);
    }
    else {
        APPEND_OLD_CHUNK
        rval = join_list_string(chunks);
        if (rval == NULL) {
            goto bail;
        }
        Py_CLEAR(chunks);
    }

    *next_end_ptr = end;
    return rval;
bail:
    *next_end_ptr = -1;
    Py_XDECREF(chunk);
    Py_XDECREF(chunks);
    return NULL;
}


static PyObject *
scanstring_unicode(PyObject *pystr, Py_ssize_t end, int strict, Py_ssize_t *next_end_ptr)
{
    /* Read the JSON string from PyUnicode pystr.
    end is the index of the first character after the quote.
    if strict is zero then literal control characters are allowed
    *next_end_ptr is a return-by-reference index of the character
        after the end quote

    Return value is a new PyUnicode
    */
    PyObject *rval;
    Py_ssize_t len = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(pystr);
    Py_ssize_t begin = end - 1;
    Py_ssize_t next = begin;
    const Py_UNICODE *buf = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(pystr);
    PyObject *chunks = NULL;
    PyObject *chunk = NULL;

    if (end < 0 || len <= end) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "end is out of bounds");
        goto bail;
    }
    while (1) {
        /* Find the end of the string or the next escape */
        Py_UNICODE c = 0;
        for (next = end; next < len; next++) {
            c = buf[next];
            if (c == '"' || c == '\\') {
                break;
            }
            else if (strict && c <= 0x1f) {
                raise_errmsg("Invalid control character at", pystr, next);
                goto bail;
            }
        }
        if (!(c == '"' || c == '\\')) {
            raise_errmsg("Unterminated string starting at", pystr, begin);
            goto bail;
        }
        /* Pick up this chunk if it's not zero length */
        if (next != end) {
            APPEND_OLD_CHUNK
            chunk = PyUnicode_FromUnicode(&buf[end], next - end);
            if (chunk == NULL) {
                goto bail;
            }
        }
        next++;
        if (c == '"') {
            end = next;
            break;
        }
        if (next == len) {
            raise_errmsg("Unterminated string starting at", pystr, begin);
            goto bail;
        }
        c = buf[next];
        if (c != 'u') {
            /* Non-unicode backslash escapes */
            end = next + 1;
            switch (c) {
                case '"': break;
                case '\\': break;
                case '/': break;
                case 'b': c = '\b'; break;
                case 'f': c = '\f'; break;
                case 'n': c = '\n'; break;
                case 'r': c = '\r'; break;
                case 't': c = '\t'; break;
                default: c = 0;
            }
            if (c == 0) {
                raise_errmsg("Invalid \\escape", pystr, end - 2);
                goto bail;
            }
        }
        else {
            c = 0;
            next++;
            end = next + 4;
            if (end >= len) {
                raise_errmsg("Invalid \\uXXXX escape", pystr, next - 1);
                goto bail;
            }
            /* Decode 4 hex digits */
            for (; next < end; next++) {
                Py_UNICODE digit = buf[next];
                c <<= 4;
                switch (digit) {
                    case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
                    case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
                        c |= (digit - '0'); break;
                    case 'a': case 'b': case 'c': case 'd': case 'e':
                    case 'f':
                        c |= (digit - 'a' + 10); break;
                    case 'A': case 'B': case 'C': case 'D': case 'E':
                    case 'F':
                        c |= (digit - 'A' + 10); break;
                    default:
                        raise_errmsg("Invalid \\uXXXX escape", pystr, end - 5);
                        goto bail;
                }
            }
#ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
            /* Surrogate pair */
            if ((c & 0xfc00) == 0xd800) {
                Py_UNICODE c2 = 0;
                if (end + 6 >= len) {
                    raise_errmsg("Unpaired high surrogate", pystr, end - 5);
                    goto bail;
                }
                if (buf[next++] != '\\' || buf[next++] != 'u') {
                    raise_errmsg("Unpaired high surrogate", pystr, end - 5);
                    goto bail;
                }
                end += 6;
                /* Decode 4 hex digits */
                for (; next < end; next++) {
                    c2 <<= 4;
                    Py_UNICODE digit = buf[next];
                    switch (digit) {
                        case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
                        case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
                            c2 |= (digit - '0'); break;
                        case 'a': case 'b': case 'c': case 'd': case 'e':
                        case 'f':
                            c2 |= (digit - 'a' + 10); break;
                        case 'A': case 'B': case 'C': case 'D': case 'E':
                        case 'F':
                            c2 |= (digit - 'A' + 10); break;
                        default:
                            raise_errmsg("Invalid \\uXXXX escape", pystr, end - 5);
                            goto bail;
                    }
                }
                if ((c2 & 0xfc00) != 0xdc00) {
                    raise_errmsg("Unpaired high surrogate", pystr, end - 5);
                    goto bail;
                }
                c = 0x10000 + (((c - 0xd800) << 10) | (c2 - 0xdc00));
            }
            else if ((c & 0xfc00) == 0xdc00) {
                raise_errmsg("Unpaired low surrogate", pystr, end - 5);
                goto bail;
            }
#endif
        }
        APPEND_OLD_CHUNK
        chunk = PyUnicode_FromUnicode(&c, 1);
        if (chunk == NULL) {
            goto bail;
        }
    }

    if (chunks == NULL) {
        if (chunk != NULL)
            rval = chunk;
        else
            rval = PyUnicode_FromUnicode(NULL, 0);
    }
    else {
        APPEND_OLD_CHUNK
        rval = join_list_unicode(chunks);
        if (rval == NULL) {
            goto bail;
        }
        Py_CLEAR(chunks);
    }
    *next_end_ptr = end;
    return rval;
bail:
    *next_end_ptr = -1;
    Py_XDECREF(chunk);
    Py_XDECREF(chunks);
    return NULL;
}

PyDoc_STRVAR(pydoc_scanstring,
    "scanstring(basestring, end, encoding, strict=True) -> (str, end)\n"
    "\n"
    "Scan the string s for a JSON string. End is the index of the\n"
    "character in s after the quote that started the JSON string.\n"
    "Unescapes all valid JSON string escape sequences and raises ValueError\n"
    "on attempt to decode an invalid string. If strict is False then literal\n"
    "control characters are allowed in the string.\n"
    "\n"
    "Returns a tuple of the decoded string and the index of the character in s\n"
    "after the end quote."
);

static PyObject *
py_scanstring(PyObject* self UNUSED, PyObject *args)
{
    PyObject *pystr;
    PyObject *rval;
    Py_ssize_t end;
    Py_ssize_t next_end = -1;
    char *encoding = NULL;
    int strict = 1;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "OO&|zi:scanstring", &pystr, _convertPyInt_AsSsize_t, &end, &encoding, &strict)) {
        return NULL;
    }
    if (encoding == NULL) {
        encoding = DEFAULT_ENCODING;
    }
    if (PyString_Check(pystr)) {
        rval = scanstring_str(pystr, end, encoding, strict, &next_end);
    }
    else if (PyUnicode_Check(pystr)) {
        rval = scanstring_unicode(pystr, end, strict, &next_end);
    }
    else {
        PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
                     "first argument must be a string, not %.80s",
                     Py_TYPE(pystr)->tp_name);
        return NULL;
    }
    return _build_rval_index_tuple(rval, next_end);
}

PyDoc_STRVAR(pydoc_encode_basestring_ascii,
    "encode_basestring_ascii(basestring) -> str\n"
    "\n"
    "Return an ASCII-only JSON representation of a Python string"
);

static PyObject *
py_encode_basestring_ascii(PyObject* self UNUSED, PyObject *pystr)
{
    /* Return an ASCII-only JSON representation of a Python string */
    /* METH_O */
    if (PyString_Check(pystr)) {
        return ascii_escape_str(pystr);
    }
    else if (PyUnicode_Check(pystr)) {
        return ascii_escape_unicode(pystr);
    }
    else {
        PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
                     "first argument must be a string, not %.80s",
                     Py_TYPE(pystr)->tp_name);
        return NULL;
    }
}

static void
scanner_dealloc(PyObject *self)
{
    /* Deallocate scanner object */
    scanner_clear(self);
    Py_TYPE(self)->tp_free(self);
}

static int
scanner_traverse(PyObject *self, visitproc visit, void *arg)
{
    PyScannerObject *s;
    assert(PyScanner_Check(self));
    s = (PyScannerObject *)self;
    Py_VISIT(s->encoding);
    Py_VISIT(s->strict);
    Py_VISIT(s->object_hook);
    Py_VISIT(s->pairs_hook);
    Py_VISIT(s->parse_float);
    Py_VISIT(s->parse_int);
    Py_VISIT(s->parse_constant);
    Py_VISIT(s->memo);
    return 0;
}

static int
scanner_clear(PyObject *self)
{
    PyScannerObject *s;
    assert(PyScanner_Check(self));
    s = (PyScannerObject *)self;
    Py_CLEAR(s->encoding);
    Py_CLEAR(s->strict);
    Py_CLEAR(s->object_hook);
    Py_CLEAR(s->pairs_hook);
    Py_CLEAR(s->parse_float);
    Py_CLEAR(s->parse_int);
    Py_CLEAR(s->parse_constant);
    Py_CLEAR(s->memo);
    return 0;
}

static PyObject *
_parse_object_str(PyScannerObject *s, PyObject *pystr, Py_ssize_t idx, Py_ssize_t *next_idx_ptr) {
    /* Read a JSON object from PyString pystr.
    idx is the index of the first character after the opening curly brace.
    *next_idx_ptr is a return-by-reference index to the first character after
        the closing curly brace.

    Returns a new PyObject (usually a dict, but object_hook or
    object_pairs_hook can change that)
    */
    char *str = PyString_AS_STRING(pystr);
    Py_ssize_t end_idx = PyString_GET_SIZE(pystr) - 1;
    PyObject *rval = NULL;
    PyObject *pairs = NULL;
    PyObject *item;
    PyObject *key = NULL;
    PyObject *val = NULL;
    char *encoding = PyString_AS_STRING(s->encoding);
    int strict = PyObject_IsTrue(s->strict);
    int has_pairs_hook = (s->pairs_hook != Py_None);
    Py_ssize_t next_idx;
    if (has_pairs_hook) {
        pairs = PyList_New(0);
        if (pairs == NULL)
            return NULL;
    }
    else {
        rval = PyDict_New();
        if (rval == NULL)
            return NULL;
    }

    /* skip whitespace after { */
    while (idx <= end_idx && IS_WHITESPACE(str[idx])) idx++;

    /* only loop if the object is non-empty */
    if (idx <= end_idx && str[idx] != '}') {
        while (idx <= end_idx) {
            PyObject *memokey;

            /* read key */
            if (str[idx] != '"') {
                raise_errmsg("Expecting property name", pystr, idx);
                goto bail;
            }
            key = scanstring_str(pystr, idx + 1, encoding, strict, &next_idx);
            if (key == NULL)
                goto bail;
            memokey = PyDict_GetItem(s->memo, key);
            if (memokey != NULL) {
                Py_INCREF(memokey);
                Py_DECREF(key);
                key = memokey;
            }
            else {
                if (PyDict_SetItem(s->memo, key, key) < 0)
                    goto bail;
            }
            idx = next_idx;

            /* skip whitespace between key and : delimiter, read :, skip whitespace */
            while (idx <= end_idx && IS_WHITESPACE(str[idx])) idx++;
            if (idx > end_idx || str[idx] != ':') {
                raise_errmsg("Expecting : delimiter", pystr, idx);
                goto bail;
            }
            idx++;
            while (idx <= end_idx && IS_WHITESPACE(str[idx])) idx++;

            /* read any JSON data type */
            val = scan_once_str(s, pystr, idx, &next_idx);
            if (val == NULL)
                goto bail;

            if (has_pairs_hook) {
                item = PyTuple_Pack(2, key, val);
                if (item == NULL)
                    goto bail;
                Py_CLEAR(key);
                Py_CLEAR(val);
                if (PyList_Append(pairs, item) == -1) {
                    Py_DECREF(item);
                    goto bail;
                }
                Py_DECREF(item);
            }
            else {
                if (PyDict_SetItem(rval, key, val) < 0)
                    goto bail;
                Py_CLEAR(key);
                Py_CLEAR(val);
            }
            idx = next_idx;

            /* skip whitespace before } or , */
            while (idx <= end_idx && IS_WHITESPACE(str[idx])) idx++;

            /* bail if the object is closed or we didn't get the , delimiter */
            if (idx > end_idx) break;
            if (str[idx] == '}') {
                break;
            }
            else if (str[idx] != ',') {
                raise_errmsg("Expecting , delimiter", pystr, idx);
                goto bail;
            }
            idx++;

            /* skip whitespace after , delimiter */
            while (idx <= end_idx && IS_WHITESPACE(str[idx])) idx++;
        }
    }
    /* verify that idx < end_idx, str[idx] should be '}' */
    if (idx > end_idx || str[idx] != '}') {
        raise_errmsg("Expecting object", pystr, end_idx);
        goto bail;
    }

    /* if pairs_hook is not None: rval = object_pairs_hook(pairs) */
    if (s->pairs_hook != Py_None) {
        val = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(s->pairs_hook, pairs, NULL);
        if (val == NULL)
            goto bail;
        Py_DECREF(pairs);
        *next_idx_ptr = idx + 1;
        return val;
    }

    /* if object_hook is not None: rval = object_hook(rval) */
    if (s->object_hook != Py_None) {
        val = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(s->object_hook, rval, NULL);
        if (val == NULL)
            goto bail;
        Py_DECREF(rval);
        rval = val;
        val = NULL;
    }
    *next_idx_ptr = idx + 1;
    return rval;
bail:
    Py_XDECREF(rval);
    Py_XDECREF(key);
    Py_XDECREF(val);
    Py_XDECREF(pairs);
    return NULL;
}

static PyObject *
_parse_object_unicode(PyScannerObject *s, PyObject *pystr, Py_ssize_t idx, Py_ssize_t *next_idx_ptr) {
    /* Read a JSON object from PyUnicode pystr.
    idx is the index of the first character after the opening curly brace.
    *next_idx_ptr is a return-by-reference index to the first character after
        the closing curly brace.

    Returns a new PyObject (usually a dict, but object_hook can change that)
    */
    Py_UNICODE *str = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(pystr);
    Py_ssize_t end_idx = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(pystr) - 1;
    PyObject *rval = NULL;
    PyObject *pairs = NULL;
    PyObject *item;
    PyObject *key = NULL;
    PyObject *val = NULL;
    int strict = PyObject_IsTrue(s->strict);
    int has_pairs_hook = (s->pairs_hook != Py_None);
    Py_ssize_t next_idx;

    if (has_pairs_hook) {
        pairs = PyList_New(0);
        if (pairs == NULL)
            return NULL;
    }
    else {
        rval = PyDict_New();
        if (rval == NULL)
            return NULL;
    }
    
    /* skip whitespace after { */
    while (idx <= end_idx && IS_WHITESPACE(str[idx])) idx++;

    /* only loop if the object is non-empty */
    if (idx <= end_idx && str[idx] != '}') {
        while (idx <= end_idx) {
            PyObject *memokey;

            /* read key */
            if (str[idx] != '"') {
                raise_errmsg("Expecting property name", pystr, idx);
                goto bail;
            }
            key = scanstring_unicode(pystr, idx + 1, strict, &next_idx);
            if (key == NULL)
                goto bail;
            memokey = PyDict_GetItem(s->memo, key);
            if (memokey != NULL) {
                Py_INCREF(memokey);
                Py_DECREF(key);
                key = memokey;
            }
            else {
                if (PyDict_SetItem(s->memo, key, key) < 0)
                    goto bail;
            }
            idx = next_idx;

            /* skip whitespace between key and : delimiter, read :, skip whitespace */
            while (idx <= end_idx && IS_WHITESPACE(str[idx])) idx++;
            if (idx > end_idx || str[idx] != ':') {
                raise_errmsg("Expecting : delimiter", pystr, idx);
                goto bail;
            }
            idx++;
            while (idx <= end_idx && IS_WHITESPACE(str[idx])) idx++;

            /* read any JSON term */
            val = scan_once_unicode(s, pystr, idx, &next_idx);
            if (val == NULL)
                goto bail;

            if (has_pairs_hook) {
                item = PyTuple_Pack(2, key, val);
                if (item == NULL)
                    goto bail;
                Py_CLEAR(key);
                Py_CLEAR(val);
                if (PyList_Append(pairs, item) == -1) {
                    Py_DECREF(item);
                    goto bail;
                }
                Py_DECREF(item);
            }
            else {
                if (PyDict_SetItem(rval, key, val) < 0)
                    goto bail;
                Py_CLEAR(key);
                Py_CLEAR(val);
            }
            idx = next_idx;

            /* skip whitespace before } or , */
            while (idx <= end_idx && IS_WHITESPACE(str[idx])) idx++;

            /* bail if the object is closed or we didn't get the , delimiter */
            if (idx > end_idx) break;
            if (str[idx] == '}') {
                break;
            }
            else if (str[idx] != ',') {
                raise_errmsg("Expecting , delimiter", pystr, idx);
                goto bail;
            }
            idx++;

            /* skip whitespace after , delimiter */
            while (idx <= end_idx && IS_WHITESPACE(str[idx])) idx++;
        }
    }

    /* verify that idx < end_idx, str[idx] should be '}' */
    if (idx > end_idx || str[idx] != '}') {
        raise_errmsg("Expecting object", pystr, end_idx);
        goto bail;
    }

    /* if pairs_hook is not None: rval = object_pairs_hook(pairs) */
    if (s->pairs_hook != Py_None) {
        val = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(s->pairs_hook, pairs, NULL);
        if (val == NULL)
            goto bail;
        Py_DECREF(pairs);
        *next_idx_ptr = idx + 1;
        return val;
    }

    /* if object_hook is not None: rval = object_hook(rval) */
    if (s->object_hook != Py_None) {
        val = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(s->object_hook, rval, NULL);
        if (val == NULL)
            goto bail;
        Py_DECREF(rval);
        rval = val;
        val = NULL;
    }
    *next_idx_ptr = idx + 1;
    return rval;
bail:
    Py_XDECREF(rval);
    Py_XDECREF(key);
    Py_XDECREF(val);
    Py_XDECREF(pairs);
    return NULL;
}

static PyObject *
_parse_array_str(PyScannerObject *s, PyObject *pystr, Py_ssize_t idx, Py_ssize_t *next_idx_ptr) {
    /* Read a JSON array from PyString pystr.
    idx is the index of the first character after the opening brace.
    *next_idx_ptr is a return-by-reference index to the first character after
        the closing brace.

    Returns a new PyList
    */
    char *str = PyString_AS_STRING(pystr);
    Py_ssize_t end_idx = PyString_GET_SIZE(pystr) - 1;
    PyObject *val = NULL;
    PyObject *rval = PyList_New(0);
    Py_ssize_t next_idx;
    if (rval == NULL)
        return NULL;

    /* skip whitespace after [ */
    while (idx <= end_idx && IS_WHITESPACE(str[idx])) idx++;

    /* only loop if the array is non-empty */
    if (idx <= end_idx && str[idx] != ']') {
        while (idx <= end_idx) {

            /* read any JSON term and de-tuplefy the (rval, idx) */
            val = scan_once_str(s, pystr, idx, &next_idx);
            if (val == NULL) {
                if (PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_StopIteration)) {
                    PyErr_Clear();
                    raise_errmsg("Expecting object", pystr, idx);
                }
                goto bail;
            }

            if (PyList_Append(rval, val) == -1)
                goto bail;

            Py_CLEAR(val);
            idx = next_idx;

            /* skip whitespace between term and , */
            while (idx <= end_idx && IS_WHITESPACE(str[idx])) idx++;

            /* bail if the array is closed or we didn't get the , delimiter */
            if (idx > end_idx) break;
            if (str[idx] == ']') {
                break;
            }
            else if (str[idx] != ',') {
                raise_errmsg("Expecting , delimiter", pystr, idx);
                goto bail;
            }
            idx++;

            /* skip whitespace after , */
            while (idx <= end_idx && IS_WHITESPACE(str[idx])) idx++;
        }
    }

    /* verify that idx < end_idx, str[idx] should be ']' */
    if (idx > end_idx || str[idx] != ']') {
        raise_errmsg("Expecting object", pystr, end_idx);
        goto bail;
    }
    *next_idx_ptr = idx + 1;
    return rval;
bail:
    Py_XDECREF(val);
    Py_DECREF(rval);
    return NULL;
}

static PyObject *
_parse_array_unicode(PyScannerObject *s, PyObject *pystr, Py_ssize_t idx, Py_ssize_t *next_idx_ptr) {
    /* Read a JSON array from PyString pystr.
    idx is the index of the first character after the opening brace.
    *next_idx_ptr is a return-by-reference index to the first character after
        the closing brace.

    Returns a new PyList
    */
    Py_UNICODE *str = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(pystr);
    Py_ssize_t end_idx = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(pystr) - 1;
    PyObject *val = NULL;
    PyObject *rval = PyList_New(0);
    Py_ssize_t next_idx;
    if (rval == NULL)
        return NULL;

    /* skip whitespace after [ */
    while (idx <= end_idx && IS_WHITESPACE(str[idx])) idx++;

    /* only loop if the array is non-empty */
    if (idx <= end_idx && str[idx] != ']') {
        while (idx <= end_idx) {

            /* read any JSON term  */
            val = scan_once_unicode(s, pystr, idx, &next_idx);
            if (val == NULL) {
                if (PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_StopIteration)) {
                    PyErr_Clear();
                    raise_errmsg("Expecting object", pystr, idx);
                }
                goto bail;
            }

            if (PyList_Append(rval, val) == -1)
                goto bail;

            Py_CLEAR(val);
            idx = next_idx;

            /* skip whitespace between term and , */
            while (idx <= end_idx && IS_WHITESPACE(str[idx])) idx++;

            /* bail if the array is closed or we didn't get the , delimiter */
            if (idx > end_idx) break;
            if (str[idx] == ']') {
                break;
            }
            else if (str[idx] != ',') {
                raise_errmsg("Expecting , delimiter", pystr, idx);
                goto bail;
            }
            idx++;

            /* skip whitespace after , */
            while (idx <= end_idx && IS_WHITESPACE(str[idx])) idx++;
        }
    }

    /* verify that idx < end_idx, str[idx] should be ']' */
    if (idx > end_idx || str[idx] != ']') {
        raise_errmsg("Expecting object", pystr, end_idx);
        goto bail;
    }
    *next_idx_ptr = idx + 1;
    return rval;
bail:
    Py_XDECREF(val);
    Py_DECREF(rval);
    return NULL;
}

static PyObject *
_parse_constant(PyScannerObject *s, char *constant, Py_ssize_t idx, Py_ssize_t *next_idx_ptr) {
    /* Read a JSON constant from PyString pystr.
    constant is the constant string that was found
        ("NaN", "Infinity", "-Infinity").
    idx is the index of the first character of the constant
    *next_idx_ptr is a return-by-reference index to the first character after
        the constant.

    Returns the result of parse_constant
    */
    PyObject *cstr;
    PyObject *rval;
    /* constant is "NaN", "Infinity", or "-Infinity" */
    cstr = PyString_InternFromString(constant);
    if (cstr == NULL)
        return NULL;

    /* rval = parse_constant(constant) */
    rval = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(s->parse_constant, cstr, NULL);
    idx += PyString_GET_SIZE(cstr);
    Py_DECREF(cstr);
    *next_idx_ptr = idx;
    return rval;
}

static PyObject *
_match_number_str(PyScannerObject *s, PyObject *pystr, Py_ssize_t start, Py_ssize_t *next_idx_ptr) {
    /* Read a JSON number from PyString pystr.
    idx is the index of the first character of the number
    *next_idx_ptr is a return-by-reference index to the first character after
        the number.

    Returns a new PyObject representation of that number:
        PyInt, PyLong, or PyFloat.
        May return other types if parse_int or parse_float are set
    */
    char *str = PyString_AS_STRING(pystr);
    Py_ssize_t end_idx = PyString_GET_SIZE(pystr) - 1;
    Py_ssize_t idx = start;
    int is_float = 0;
    PyObject *rval;
    PyObject *numstr;

    /* read a sign if it's there, make sure it's not the end of the string */
    if (str[idx] == '-') {
        idx++;
        if (idx > end_idx) {
            PyErr_SetNone(PyExc_StopIteration);
            return NULL;
        }
    }

    /* read as many integer digits as we find as long as it doesn't start with 0 */
    if (str[idx] >= '1' && str[idx] <= '9') {
        idx++;
        while (idx <= end_idx && str[idx] >= '0' && str[idx] <= '9') idx++;
    }
    /* if it starts with 0 we only expect one integer digit */
    else if (str[idx] == '0') {
        idx++;
    }
    /* no integer digits, error */
    else {
        PyErr_SetNone(PyExc_StopIteration);
        return NULL;
    }

    /* if the next char is '.' followed by a digit then read all float digits */
    if (idx < end_idx && str[idx] == '.' && str[idx + 1] >= '0' && str[idx + 1] <= '9') {
        is_float = 1;
        idx += 2;
        while (idx <= end_idx && str[idx] >= '0' && str[idx] <= '9') idx++;
    }

    /* if the next char is 'e' or 'E' then maybe read the exponent (or backtrack) */
    if (idx < end_idx && (str[idx] == 'e' || str[idx] == 'E')) {

        /* save the index of the 'e' or 'E' just in case we need to backtrack */
        Py_ssize_t e_start = idx;
        idx++;

        /* read an exponent sign if present */
        if (idx < end_idx && (str[idx] == '-' || str[idx] == '+')) idx++;

        /* read all digits */
        while (idx <= end_idx && str[idx] >= '0' && str[idx] <= '9') idx++;

        /* if we got a digit, then parse as float. if not, backtrack */
        if (str[idx - 1] >= '0' && str[idx - 1] <= '9') {
            is_float = 1;
        }
        else {
            idx = e_start;
        }
    }

    /* copy the section we determined to be a number */
    numstr = PyString_FromStringAndSize(&str[start], idx - start);
    if (numstr == NULL)
        return NULL;
    if (is_float) {
        /* parse as a float using a fast path if available, otherwise call user defined method */
        if (s->parse_float != (PyObject *)&PyFloat_Type) {
            rval = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(s->parse_float, numstr, NULL);
        }
        else {
            /* rval = PyFloat_FromDouble(PyOS_ascii_atof(PyString_AS_STRING(numstr))); */
            double d = PyOS_string_to_double(PyString_AS_STRING(numstr),
                                             NULL, NULL);
            if (d == -1.0 && PyErr_Occurred())
                return NULL;
            rval = PyFloat_FromDouble(d);
        }
    }
    else {
        /* parse as an int using a fast path if available, otherwise call user defined method */
        if (s->parse_int != (PyObject *)&PyInt_Type) {
            rval = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(s->parse_int, numstr, NULL);
        }
        else {
            rval = PyInt_FromString(PyString_AS_STRING(numstr), NULL, 10);
        }
    }
    Py_DECREF(numstr);
    *next_idx_ptr = idx;
    return rval;
}

static PyObject *
_match_number_unicode(PyScannerObject *s, PyObject *pystr, Py_ssize_t start, Py_ssize_t *next_idx_ptr) {
    /* Read a JSON number from PyUnicode pystr.
    idx is the index of the first character of the number
    *next_idx_ptr is a return-by-reference index to the first character after
        the number.

    Returns a new PyObject representation of that number:
        PyInt, PyLong, or PyFloat.
        May return other types if parse_int or parse_float are set
    */
    Py_UNICODE *str = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(pystr);
    Py_ssize_t end_idx = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(pystr) - 1;
    Py_ssize_t idx = start;
    int is_float = 0;
    PyObject *rval;
    PyObject *numstr;

    /* read a sign if it's there, make sure it's not the end of the string */
    if (str[idx] == '-') {
        idx++;
        if (idx > end_idx) {
            PyErr_SetNone(PyExc_StopIteration);
            return NULL;
        }
    }

    /* read as many integer digits as we find as long as it doesn't start with 0 */
    if (str[idx] >= '1' && str[idx] <= '9') {
        idx++;
        while (idx <= end_idx && str[idx] >= '0' && str[idx] <= '9') idx++;
    }
    /* if it starts with 0 we only expect one integer digit */
    else if (str[idx] == '0') {
        idx++;
    }
    /* no integer digits, error */
    else {
        PyErr_SetNone(PyExc_StopIteration);
        return NULL;
    }

    /* if the next char is '.' followed by a digit then read all float digits */
    if (idx < end_idx && str[idx] == '.' && str[idx + 1] >= '0' && str[idx + 1] <= '9') {
        is_float = 1;
        idx += 2;
        while (idx <= end_idx && str[idx] >= '0' && str[idx] <= '9') idx++;
    }

    /* if the next char is 'e' or 'E' then maybe read the exponent (or backtrack) */
    if (idx < end_idx && (str[idx] == 'e' || str[idx] == 'E')) {
        Py_ssize_t e_start = idx;
        idx++;

        /* read an exponent sign if present */
        if (idx < end_idx && (str[idx] == '-' || str[idx] == '+')) idx++;

        /* read all digits */
        while (idx <= end_idx && str[idx] >= '0' && str[idx] <= '9') idx++;

        /* if we got a digit, then parse as float. if not, backtrack */
        if (str[idx - 1] >= '0' && str[idx - 1] <= '9') {
            is_float = 1;
        }
        else {
            idx = e_start;
        }
    }

    /* copy the section we determined to be a number */
    numstr = PyUnicode_FromUnicode(&str[start], idx - start);
    if (numstr == NULL)
        return NULL;
    if (is_float) {
        /* parse as a float using a fast path if available, otherwise call user defined method */
        if (s->parse_float != (PyObject *)&PyFloat_Type) {
            rval = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(s->parse_float, numstr, NULL);
        }
        else {
            rval = PyFloat_FromString(numstr, NULL);
        }
    }
    else {
        /* no fast path for unicode -> int, just call */
        rval = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(s->parse_int, numstr, NULL);
    }
    Py_DECREF(numstr);
    *next_idx_ptr = idx;
    return rval;
}

static PyObject *
scan_once_str(PyScannerObject *s, PyObject *pystr, Py_ssize_t idx, Py_ssize_t *next_idx_ptr)
{
    /* Read one JSON term (of any kind) from PyString pystr.
    idx is the index of the first character of the term
    *next_idx_ptr is a return-by-reference index to the first character after
        the number.

    Returns a new PyObject representation of the term.
    */
    char *str = PyString_AS_STRING(pystr);
    Py_ssize_t length = PyString_GET_SIZE(pystr);
    if (idx >= length) {
        PyErr_SetNone(PyExc_StopIteration);
        return NULL;
    }
    switch (str[idx]) {
        case '"':
            /* string */
            return scanstring_str(pystr, idx + 1,
                PyString_AS_STRING(s->encoding),
                PyObject_IsTrue(s->strict),
                next_idx_ptr);
        case '{':
            /* object */
            return _parse_object_str(s, pystr, idx + 1, next_idx_ptr);
        case '[':
            /* array */
            return _parse_array_str(s, pystr, idx + 1, next_idx_ptr);
        case 'n':
            /* null */
            if ((idx + 3 < length) && str[idx + 1] == 'u' && str[idx + 2] == 'l' && str[idx + 3] == 'l') {
                Py_INCREF(Py_None);
                *next_idx_ptr = idx + 4;
                return Py_None;
            }
            break;
        case 't':
            /* true */
            if ((idx + 3 < length) && str[idx + 1] == 'r' && str[idx + 2] == 'u' && str[idx + 3] == 'e') {
                Py_INCREF(Py_True);
                *next_idx_ptr = idx + 4;
                return Py_True;
            }
            break;
        case 'f':
            /* false */
            if ((idx + 4 < length) && str[idx + 1] == 'a' && str[idx + 2] == 'l' && str[idx + 3] == 's' && str[idx + 4] == 'e') {
                Py_INCREF(Py_False);
                *next_idx_ptr = idx + 5;
                return Py_False;
            }
            break;
        case 'N':
            /* NaN */
            if ((idx + 2 < length) && str[idx + 1] == 'a' && str[idx + 2] == 'N') {
                return _parse_constant(s, "NaN", idx, next_idx_ptr);
            }
            break;
        case 'I':
            /* Infinity */
            if ((idx + 7 < length) && str[idx + 1] == 'n' && str[idx + 2] == 'f' && str[idx + 3] == 'i' && str[idx + 4] == 'n' && str[idx + 5] == 'i' && str[idx + 6] == 't' && str[idx + 7] == 'y') {
                return _parse_constant(s, "Infinity", idx, next_idx_ptr);
            }
            break;
        case '-':
            /* -Infinity */
            if ((idx + 8 < length) && str[idx + 1] == 'I' && str[idx + 2] == 'n' && str[idx + 3] == 'f' && str[idx + 4] == 'i' && str[idx + 5] == 'n' && str[idx + 6] == 'i' && str[idx + 7] == 't' && str[idx + 8] == 'y') {
                return _parse_constant(s, "-Infinity", idx, next_idx_ptr);
            }
            break;
    }
    /* Didn't find a string, object, array, or named constant. Look for a number. */
    return _match_number_str(s, pystr, idx, next_idx_ptr);
}

static PyObject *
scan_once_unicode(PyScannerObject *s, PyObject *pystr, Py_ssize_t idx, Py_ssize_t *next_idx_ptr)
{
    /* Read one JSON term (of any kind) from PyUnicode pystr.
    idx is the index of the first character of the term
    *next_idx_ptr is a return-by-reference index to the first character after
        the number.

    Returns a new PyObject representation of the term.
    */
    Py_UNICODE *str = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(pystr);
    Py_ssize_t length = PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(pystr);
    if (idx >= length) {
        PyErr_SetNone(PyExc_StopIteration);
        return NULL;
    }
    switch (str[idx]) {
        case '"':
            /* string */
            return scanstring_unicode(pystr, idx + 1,
                PyObject_IsTrue(s->strict),
                next_idx_ptr);
        case '{':
            /* object */
            return _parse_object_unicode(s, pystr, idx + 1, next_idx_ptr);
        case '[':
            /* array */
            return _parse_array_unicode(s, pystr, idx + 1, next_idx_ptr);
        case 'n':
            /* null */
            if ((idx + 3 < length) && str[idx + 1] == 'u' && str[idx + 2] == 'l' && str[idx + 3] == 'l') {
                Py_INCREF(Py_None);
                *next_idx_ptr = idx + 4;
                return Py_None;
            }
            break;
        case 't':
            /* true */
            if ((idx + 3 < length) && str[idx + 1] == 'r' && str[idx + 2] == 'u' && str[idx + 3] == 'e') {
                Py_INCREF(Py_True);
                *next_idx_ptr = idx + 4;
                return Py_True;
            }
            break;
        case 'f':
            /* false */
            if ((idx + 4 < length) && str[idx + 1] == 'a' && str[idx + 2] == 'l' && str[idx + 3] == 's' && str[idx + 4] == 'e') {
                Py_INCREF(Py_False);
                *next_idx_ptr = idx + 5;
                return Py_False;
            }
            break;
        case 'N':
            /* NaN */
            if ((idx + 2 < length) && str[idx + 1] == 'a' && str[idx + 2] == 'N') {
                return _parse_constant(s, "NaN", idx, next_idx_ptr);
            }
            break;
        case 'I':
            /* Infinity */
            if ((idx + 7 < length) && str[idx + 1] == 'n' && str[idx + 2] == 'f' && str[idx + 3] == 'i' && str[idx + 4] == 'n' && str[idx + 5] == 'i' && str[idx + 6] == 't' && str[idx + 7] == 'y') {
                return _parse_constant(s, "Infinity", idx, next_idx_ptr);
            }
            break;
        case '-':
            /* -Infinity */
            if ((idx + 8 < length) && str[idx + 1] == 'I' && str[idx + 2] == 'n' && str[idx + 3] == 'f' && str[idx + 4] == 'i' && str[idx + 5] == 'n' && str[idx + 6] == 'i' && str[idx + 7] == 't' && str[idx + 8] == 'y') {
                return _parse_constant(s, "-Infinity", idx, next_idx_ptr);
            }
            break;
    }
    /* Didn't find a string, object, array, or named constant. Look for a number. */
    return _match_number_unicode(s, pystr, idx, next_idx_ptr);
}

static PyObject *
scanner_call(PyObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)
{
    /* Python callable interface to scan_once_{str,unicode} */
    PyObject *pystr;
    PyObject *rval;
    Py_ssize_t idx;
    Py_ssize_t next_idx = -1;
    static char *kwlist[] = {"string", "idx", NULL};
    PyScannerObject *s;
    assert(PyScanner_Check(self));
    s = (PyScannerObject *)self;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, "OO&:scan_once", kwlist, &pystr, _convertPyInt_AsSsize_t, &idx))
        return NULL;

    if (PyString_Check(pystr)) {
        rval = scan_once_str(s, pystr, idx, &next_idx);
    }
    else if (PyUnicode_Check(pystr)) {
        rval = scan_once_unicode(s, pystr, idx, &next_idx);
    }
    else {
        PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
                 "first argument must be a string, not %.80s",
                 Py_TYPE(pystr)->tp_name);
        return NULL;
    }
    PyDict_Clear(s->memo);
    return _build_rval_index_tuple(rval, next_idx);
}

static PyObject *
scanner_new(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)
{
    PyScannerObject *s;
    s = (PyScannerObject *)type->tp_alloc(type, 0);
    if (s != NULL) {
        s->encoding = NULL;
        s->strict = NULL;
        s->object_hook = NULL;
        s->pairs_hook = NULL;
        s->parse_float = NULL;
        s->parse_int = NULL;
        s->parse_constant = NULL;
    }
    return (PyObject *)s;
}

static int
scanner_init(PyObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)
{
    /* Initialize Scanner object */
    PyObject *ctx;
    static char *kwlist[] = {"context", NULL};
    PyScannerObject *s;

    assert(PyScanner_Check(self));
    s = (PyScannerObject *)self;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, "O:make_scanner", kwlist, &ctx))
        return -1;
    
    if (s->memo == NULL) {
        s->memo = PyDict_New();
        if (s->memo == NULL)
            goto bail;
    }

    /* PyString_AS_STRING is used on encoding */
    s->encoding = PyObject_GetAttrString(ctx, "encoding");
    if (s->encoding == NULL)
        goto bail;
    if (s->encoding == Py_None) {
        Py_DECREF(Py_None);
        s->encoding = PyString_InternFromString(DEFAULT_ENCODING);
    }
    else if (PyUnicode_Check(s->encoding)) {
        PyObject *tmp = PyUnicode_AsEncodedString(s->encoding, NULL, NULL);
        Py_DECREF(s->encoding);
        s->encoding = tmp;
    }
    if (s->encoding == NULL || !PyString_Check(s->encoding))
        goto bail;

    /* All of these will fail "gracefully" so we don't need to verify them */
    s->strict = PyObject_GetAttrString(ctx, "strict");
    if (s->strict == NULL)
        goto bail;
    s->object_hook = PyObject_GetAttrString(ctx, "object_hook");
    if (s->object_hook == NULL)
        goto bail;
    s->pairs_hook = PyObject_GetAttrString(ctx, "object_pairs_hook");
    if (s->pairs_hook == NULL)
        goto bail;
    s->parse_float = PyObject_GetAttrString(ctx, "parse_float");
    if (s->parse_float == NULL)
        goto bail;
    s->parse_int = PyObject_GetAttrString(ctx, "parse_int");
    if (s->parse_int == NULL)
        goto bail;
    s->parse_constant = PyObject_GetAttrString(ctx, "parse_constant");
    if (s->parse_constant == NULL)
        goto bail;

    return 0;

bail:
    Py_CLEAR(s->encoding);
    Py_CLEAR(s->strict);
    Py_CLEAR(s->object_hook);
    Py_CLEAR(s->pairs_hook);
    Py_CLEAR(s->parse_float);
    Py_CLEAR(s->parse_int);
    Py_CLEAR(s->parse_constant);
    return -1;
}

PyDoc_STRVAR(scanner_doc, "JSON scanner object");

static
PyTypeObject PyScannerType = {
    PyObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL)
    0,                    /* tp_internal */
    "simplejson._speedups.Scanner",       /* tp_name */
    sizeof(PyScannerObject), /* tp_basicsize */
    0,                    /* tp_itemsize */
    scanner_dealloc, /* tp_dealloc */
    0,                    /* tp_print */
    0,                    /* tp_getattr */
    0,                    /* tp_setattr */
    0,                    /* tp_compare */
    0,                    /* tp_repr */
    0,                    /* tp_as_number */
    0,                    /* tp_as_sequence */
    0,                    /* tp_as_mapping */
    0,                    /* tp_hash */
    scanner_call,         /* tp_call */
    0,                    /* tp_str */
    0,/* PyObject_GenericGetAttr, */                    /* tp_getattro */
    0,/* PyObject_GenericSetAttr, */                    /* tp_setattro */
    0,                    /* tp_as_buffer */
    Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC,   /* tp_flags */
    scanner_doc,          /* tp_doc */
    scanner_traverse,                    /* tp_traverse */
    scanner_clear,                    /* tp_clear */
    0,                    /* tp_richcompare */
    0,                    /* tp_weaklistoffset */
    0,                    /* tp_iter */
    0,                    /* tp_iternext */
    0,                    /* tp_methods */
    scanner_members,                    /* tp_members */
    0,                    /* tp_getset */
    0,                    /* tp_base */
    0,                    /* tp_dict */
    0,                    /* tp_descr_get */
    0,                    /* tp_descr_set */
    0,                    /* tp_dictoffset */
    scanner_init,                    /* tp_init */
    0,/* PyType_GenericAlloc, */        /* tp_alloc */
    scanner_new,          /* tp_new */
    0,/* PyObject_GC_Del, */              /* tp_free */
};

static PyObject *
encoder_new(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)
{
    PyEncoderObject *s;
    s = (PyEncoderObject *)type->tp_alloc(type, 0);
    if (s != NULL) {
        s->markers = NULL;
        s->defaultfn = NULL;
        s->encoder = NULL;
        s->indent = NULL;
        s->key_separator = NULL;
        s->item_separator = NULL;
        s->sort_keys = NULL;
        s->skipkeys = NULL;
        s->key_memo = NULL;
    }
    return (PyObject *)s;
}

static int
encoder_init(PyObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)
{
    /* initialize Encoder object */
    static char *kwlist[] = {"markers", "default", "encoder", "indent", "key_separator", "item_separator", "sort_keys", "skipkeys", "allow_nan", "key_memo", "use_decimal", NULL};

    PyEncoderObject *s;
    PyObject *markers, *defaultfn, *encoder, *indent, *key_separator;
    PyObject *item_separator, *sort_keys, *skipkeys, *allow_nan, *key_memo, *use_decimal;

    assert(PyEncoder_Check(self));
    s = (PyEncoderObject *)self;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, "OOOOOOOOOOO:make_encoder", kwlist,
        &markers, &defaultfn, &encoder, &indent, &key_separator, &item_separator,
        &sort_keys, &skipkeys, &allow_nan, &key_memo, &use_decimal))
        return -1;

    s->markers = markers;
    s->defaultfn = defaultfn;
    s->encoder = encoder;
    s->indent = indent;
    s->key_separator = key_separator;
    s->item_separator = item_separator;
    s->sort_keys = sort_keys;
    s->skipkeys = skipkeys;
    s->key_memo = key_memo;
    s->fast_encode = (PyCFunction_Check(s->encoder) && PyCFunction_GetFunction(s->encoder) == (PyCFunction)py_encode_basestring_ascii);
    s->allow_nan = PyObject_IsTrue(allow_nan);
    s->use_decimal = PyObject_IsTrue(use_decimal);

    Py_INCREF(s->markers);
    Py_INCREF(s->defaultfn);
    Py_INCREF(s->encoder);
    Py_INCREF(s->indent);
    Py_INCREF(s->key_separator);
    Py_INCREF(s->item_separator);
    Py_INCREF(s->sort_keys);
    Py_INCREF(s->skipkeys);
    Py_INCREF(s->key_memo);
    return 0;
}

static PyObject *
encoder_call(PyObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)
{
    /* Python callable interface to encode_listencode_obj */
    static char *kwlist[] = {"obj", "_current_indent_level", NULL};
    PyObject *obj;
    PyObject *rval;
    Py_ssize_t indent_level;
    PyEncoderObject *s;
    assert(PyEncoder_Check(self));
    s = (PyEncoderObject *)self;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, "OO&:_iterencode", kwlist,
        &obj, _convertPyInt_AsSsize_t, &indent_level))
        return NULL;
    rval = PyList_New(0);
    if (rval == NULL)
        return NULL;
    if (encoder_listencode_obj(s, rval, obj, indent_level)) {
        Py_DECREF(rval);
        return NULL;
    }
    return rval;
}

static PyObject *
_encoded_const(PyObject *obj)
{
    /* Return the JSON string representation of None, True, False */
    if (obj == Py_None) {
        static PyObject *s_null = NULL;
        if (s_null == NULL) {
            s_null = PyString_InternFromString("null");
        }
        Py_INCREF(s_null);
        return s_null;
    }
    else if (obj == Py_True) {
        static PyObject *s_true = NULL;
        if (s_true == NULL) {
            s_true = PyString_InternFromString("true");
        }
        Py_INCREF(s_true);
        return s_true;
    }
    else if (obj == Py_False) {
        static PyObject *s_false = NULL;
        if (s_false == NULL) {
            s_false = PyString_InternFromString("false");
        }
        Py_INCREF(s_false);
        return s_false;
    }
    else {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "not a const");
        return NULL;
    }
}

static PyObject *
encoder_encode_float(PyEncoderObject *s, PyObject *obj)
{
    /* Return the JSON representation of a PyFloat */
    double i = PyFloat_AS_DOUBLE(obj);
    if (!Py_IS_FINITE(i)) {
        if (!s->allow_nan) {
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "Out of range float values are not JSON compliant");
            return NULL;
        }
        if (i > 0) {
            return PyString_FromString("Infinity");
        }
        else if (i < 0) {
            return PyString_FromString("-Infinity");
        }
        else {
            return PyString_FromString("NaN");
        }
    }
    /* Use a better float format here? */
    return PyObject_Repr(obj);
}

static PyObject *
encoder_encode_string(PyEncoderObject *s, PyObject *obj)
{
    /* Return the JSON representation of a string */
    if (s->fast_encode)
        return py_encode_basestring_ascii(NULL, obj);
    else
        return PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(s->encoder, obj, NULL);
}

static int
_steal_list_append(PyObject *lst, PyObject *stolen)
{
    /* Append stolen and then decrement its reference count */
    int rval = PyList_Append(lst, stolen);
    Py_DECREF(stolen);
    return rval;
}

static int
encoder_listencode_obj(PyEncoderObject *s, PyObject *rval, PyObject *obj, Py_ssize_t indent_level)
{
    /* Encode Python object obj to a JSON term, rval is a PyList */
    PyObject *newobj;
    int rv;

    if (obj == Py_None || obj == Py_True || obj == Py_False) {
        PyObject *cstr = _encoded_const(obj);
        if (cstr == NULL)
            return -1;
        return _steal_list_append(rval, cstr);
    }
    else if (PyString_Check(obj) || PyUnicode_Check(obj))
    {
        PyObject *encoded = encoder_encode_string(s, obj);
        if (encoded == NULL)
            return -1;
        return _steal_list_append(rval, encoded);
    }
    else if (PyInt_Check(obj) || PyLong_Check(obj)) {
        PyObject *encoded = PyObject_Str(obj);
        if (encoded == NULL)
            return -1;
        return _steal_list_append(rval, encoded);
    }
    else if (PyFloat_Check(obj)) {
        PyObject *encoded = encoder_encode_float(s, obj);
        if (encoded == NULL)
            return -1;
        return _steal_list_append(rval, encoded);
    }
    else if (PyList_Check(obj) || PyTuple_Check(obj)) {
        return encoder_listencode_list(s, rval, obj, indent_level);
    }
    else if (PyDict_Check(obj)) {
        return encoder_listencode_dict(s, rval, obj, indent_level);
    }
    else if (s->use_decimal && Decimal_Check(obj)) {
        PyObject *encoded = PyObject_Str(obj);
        if (encoded == NULL)
            return -1;
        return _steal_list_append(rval, encoded);
    }
    else {
        PyObject *ident = NULL;
        if (s->markers != Py_None) {
            int has_key;
            ident = PyLong_FromVoidPtr(obj);
            if (ident == NULL)
                return -1;
            has_key = PyDict_Contains(s->markers, ident);
            if (has_key) {
                if (has_key != -1)
                    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "Circular reference detected");
                Py_DECREF(ident);
                return -1;
            }
            if (PyDict_SetItem(s->markers, ident, obj)) {
                Py_DECREF(ident);
                return -1;
            }
        }
        newobj = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(s->defaultfn, obj, NULL);
        if (newobj == NULL) {
            Py_XDECREF(ident);
            return -1;
        }
        rv = encoder_listencode_obj(s, rval, newobj, indent_level);
        Py_DECREF(newobj);
        if (rv) {
            Py_XDECREF(ident);
            return -1;
        }
        if (ident != NULL) {
            if (PyDict_DelItem(s->markers, ident)) {
                Py_XDECREF(ident);
                return -1;
            }
            Py_XDECREF(ident);
        }
        return rv;
    }
}

static int
encoder_listencode_dict(PyEncoderObject *s, PyObject *rval, PyObject *dct, Py_ssize_t indent_level)
{
    /* Encode Python dict dct a JSON term, rval is a PyList */
    static PyObject *open_dict = NULL;
    static PyObject *close_dict = NULL;
    static PyObject *empty_dict = NULL;
    static PyObject *iteritems = NULL;
    PyObject *kstr = NULL;
    PyObject *ident = NULL;
    PyObject *iter = NULL;
    PyObject *item = NULL;
    PyObject *items = NULL;
    PyObject *encoded = NULL;
    int skipkeys;
    Py_ssize_t idx;

    if (open_dict == NULL || close_dict == NULL || empty_dict == NULL || iteritems == NULL) {
        open_dict = PyString_InternFromString("{");
        close_dict = PyString_InternFromString("}");
        empty_dict = PyString_InternFromString("{}");
        iteritems = PyString_InternFromString("iteritems");
        if (open_dict == NULL || close_dict == NULL || empty_dict == NULL || iteritems == NULL)
2201 2202 2203 2204 2205 2206 2207 2208 2209 2210 2211 2212 2213 2214 2215 2216 2217 2218 2219 2220 2221 2222 2223 2224 2225 2226 2227 2228 2229 2230 2231 2232 2233 2234 2235 2236 2237 2238 2239 2240 2241 2242 2243 2244 2245 2246 2247 2248 2249 2250 2251 2252 2253 2254 2255 2256 2257 2258 2259 2260 2261 2262 2263 2264 2265 2266 2267 2268 2269 2270 2271 2272 2273 2274 2275 2276 2277 2278 2279 2280 2281 2282 2283 2284 2285 2286 2287 2288 2289 2290 2291 2292 2293 2294 2295 2296 2297 2298 2299 2300 2301 2302 2303 2304 2305 2306 2307 2308 2309 2310 2311 2312 2313 2314 2315 2316 2317 2318 2319 2320 2321 2322 2323 2324 2325 2326 2327 2328 2329 2330 2331 2332 2333 2334 2335 2336 2337 2338 2339 2340 2341 2342 2343 2344 2345 2346 2347 2348 2349 2350 2351 2352 2353 2354 2355 2356 2357 2358 2359 2360 2361 2362 2363 2364 2365 2366 2367 2368 2369 2370 2371 2372 2373 2374 2375 2376 2377 2378 2379 2380 2381 2382 2383 2384 2385 2386 2387 2388 2389 2390 2391 2392 2393 2394 2395 2396 2397 2398 2399 2400 2401 2402 2403 2404 2405 2406 2407 2408 2409 2410 2411 2412 2413 2414 2415 2416 2417 2418 2419 2420 2421 2422 2423 2424 2425 2426 2427 2428 2429 2430 2431 2432 2433 2434 2435 2436 2437 2438 2439 2440 2441 2442 2443 2444 2445 2446 2447 2448 2449 2450 2451 2452 2453 2454 2455 2456 2457 2458 2459 2460 2461 2462 2463 2464 2465 2466 2467 2468 2469 2470 2471 2472 2473 2474 2475 2476 2477 2478 2479 2480 2481 2482 2483 2484 2485 2486 2487 2488 2489 2490 2491 2492 2493 2494 2495 2496 2497 2498 2499 2500 2501 2502 2503 2504 2505 2506 2507 2508 2509 2510 2511 2512 2513 2514 2515 2516 2517 2518 2519 2520 2521 2522 2523 2524 2525 2526 2527 2528 2529 2530 2531 2532 2533 2534 2535 2536 2537 2538 2539 2540 2541 2542 2543 2544 2545 2546 2547 2548 2549 2550 2551 2552 2553 2554 2555 2556 2557 2558 2559 2560 2561 2562 2563 2564 2565 2566 2567 2568 2569 2570 2571 2572 2573 2574 2575 2576 2577 2578 2579 2580 2581 2582 2583 2584 2585 2586 2587 2588 2589 2590 2591 2592 2593 2594 2595 2596 2597 2598 2599 2600 2601 2602
            return -1;
    }
    if (PyDict_Size(dct) == 0)
        return PyList_Append(rval, empty_dict);

    if (s->markers != Py_None) {
        int has_key;
        ident = PyLong_FromVoidPtr(dct);
        if (ident == NULL)
            goto bail;
        has_key = PyDict_Contains(s->markers, ident);
        if (has_key) {
            if (has_key != -1)
                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "Circular reference detected");
            goto bail;
        }
        if (PyDict_SetItem(s->markers, ident, dct)) {
            goto bail;
        }
    }

    if (PyList_Append(rval, open_dict))
        goto bail;

    if (s->indent != Py_None) {
        /* TODO: DOES NOT RUN */
        indent_level += 1;
        /*
            newline_indent = '\n' + (_indent * _current_indent_level)
            separator = _item_separator + newline_indent
            buf += newline_indent
        */
    }

    if (PyObject_IsTrue(s->sort_keys)) {
        /* First sort the keys then replace them with (key, value) tuples. */
        Py_ssize_t i, nitems;
        if (PyDict_CheckExact(dct))
            items = PyDict_Keys(dct);
        else
            items = PyMapping_Keys(dct);
        if (items == NULL)
            goto bail;
        if (!PyList_Check(items)) {
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "keys must return list");
            goto bail;
        }
        if (PyList_Sort(items) < 0)
            goto bail;
        nitems = PyList_GET_SIZE(items);
        for (i = 0; i < nitems; i++) {
            PyObject *key, *value;
            key = PyList_GET_ITEM(items, i);
            value = PyDict_GetItem(dct, key);
            item = PyTuple_Pack(2, key, value);
            if (item == NULL)
                goto bail;
            PyList_SET_ITEM(items, i, item);
            Py_DECREF(key);
        }
    }
    else {
        if (PyDict_CheckExact(dct))
            items = PyDict_Items(dct);
        else
            items = PyMapping_Items(dct);
    }
    if (items == NULL)
        goto bail;
    iter = PyObject_GetIter(items);
    Py_DECREF(items);
    if (iter == NULL)
        goto bail;

    skipkeys = PyObject_IsTrue(s->skipkeys);
    idx = 0;
    while ((item = PyIter_Next(iter))) {
        PyObject *encoded, *key, *value;
        if (!PyTuple_Check(item) || Py_SIZE(item) != 2) {
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "items must return 2-tuples");
            goto bail;
        }
        key = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(item, 0);
        if (key == NULL)
            goto bail;
        value = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(item, 1);
        if (value == NULL)
            goto bail;

        encoded = PyDict_GetItem(s->key_memo, key);
        if (encoded != NULL) {
            Py_INCREF(encoded);
        }
        else if (PyString_Check(key) || PyUnicode_Check(key)) {
            Py_INCREF(key);
            kstr = key;
        }
        else if (PyFloat_Check(key)) {
            kstr = encoder_encode_float(s, key);
            if (kstr == NULL)
                goto bail;
        }
        else if (key == Py_True || key == Py_False || key == Py_None) {
            /* This must come before the PyInt_Check because
               True and False are also 1 and 0.*/
            kstr = _encoded_const(key);
            if (kstr == NULL)
                goto bail;
        }
        else if (PyInt_Check(key) || PyLong_Check(key)) {
            kstr = PyObject_Str(key);
            if (kstr == NULL)
                goto bail;
        }
        else if (skipkeys) {
            Py_DECREF(item);
            continue;
        }
        else {
            /* TODO: include repr of key */
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "keys must be a string");
            goto bail;
        }

        if (idx) {
            if (PyList_Append(rval, s->item_separator))
                goto bail;
        }

        if (encoded == NULL) {
            encoded = encoder_encode_string(s, kstr);
            Py_CLEAR(kstr);
            if (encoded == NULL)
                goto bail;
            if (PyDict_SetItem(s->key_memo, key, encoded))
                goto bail;
        }
        if (PyList_Append(rval, encoded)) {
            goto bail;
        }
        Py_CLEAR(encoded);
        if (PyList_Append(rval, s->key_separator))
            goto bail;
        if (encoder_listencode_obj(s, rval, value, indent_level))
            goto bail;
        Py_CLEAR(item);
        idx += 1;
    }
    Py_CLEAR(iter);
    if (PyErr_Occurred())
        goto bail;
    if (ident != NULL) {
        if (PyDict_DelItem(s->markers, ident))
            goto bail;
        Py_CLEAR(ident);
    }
    if (s->indent != Py_None) {
        /* TODO: DOES NOT RUN */
        indent_level -= 1;
        /*
            yield '\n' + (_indent * _current_indent_level)
        */
    }
    if (PyList_Append(rval, close_dict))
        goto bail;
    return 0;

bail:
    Py_XDECREF(encoded);
    Py_XDECREF(items);
    Py_XDECREF(iter);
    Py_XDECREF(kstr);
    Py_XDECREF(ident);
    return -1;
}


static int
encoder_listencode_list(PyEncoderObject *s, PyObject *rval, PyObject *seq, Py_ssize_t indent_level)
{
    /* Encode Python list seq to a JSON term, rval is a PyList */
    static PyObject *open_array = NULL;
    static PyObject *close_array = NULL;
    static PyObject *empty_array = NULL;
    PyObject *ident = NULL;
    PyObject *iter = NULL;
    PyObject *obj = NULL;
    int is_true;
    int i = 0;

    if (open_array == NULL || close_array == NULL || empty_array == NULL) {
        open_array = PyString_InternFromString("[");
        close_array = PyString_InternFromString("]");
        empty_array = PyString_InternFromString("[]");
        if (open_array == NULL || close_array == NULL || empty_array == NULL)
            return -1;
    }
    ident = NULL;
    is_true = PyObject_IsTrue(seq);
    if (is_true == -1)
        return -1;
    else if (is_true == 0)
        return PyList_Append(rval, empty_array);

    if (s->markers != Py_None) {
        int has_key;
        ident = PyLong_FromVoidPtr(seq);
        if (ident == NULL)
            goto bail;
        has_key = PyDict_Contains(s->markers, ident);
        if (has_key) {
            if (has_key != -1)
                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "Circular reference detected");
            goto bail;
        }
        if (PyDict_SetItem(s->markers, ident, seq)) {
            goto bail;
        }
    }

    iter = PyObject_GetIter(seq);
    if (iter == NULL)
        goto bail;

    if (PyList_Append(rval, open_array))
        goto bail;
    if (s->indent != Py_None) {
        /* TODO: DOES NOT RUN */
        indent_level += 1;
        /*
            newline_indent = '\n' + (_indent * _current_indent_level)
            separator = _item_separator + newline_indent
            buf += newline_indent
        */
    }
    while ((obj = PyIter_Next(iter))) {
        if (i) {
            if (PyList_Append(rval, s->item_separator))
                goto bail;
        }
        if (encoder_listencode_obj(s, rval, obj, indent_level))
            goto bail;
        i++;
        Py_CLEAR(obj);
    }
    Py_CLEAR(iter);
    if (PyErr_Occurred())
        goto bail;
    if (ident != NULL) {
        if (PyDict_DelItem(s->markers, ident))
            goto bail;
        Py_CLEAR(ident);
    }
    if (s->indent != Py_None) {
        /* TODO: DOES NOT RUN */
        indent_level -= 1;
        /*
            yield '\n' + (_indent * _current_indent_level)
        */
    }
    if (PyList_Append(rval, close_array))
        goto bail;
    return 0;

bail:
    Py_XDECREF(obj);
    Py_XDECREF(iter);
    Py_XDECREF(ident);
    return -1;
}

static void
encoder_dealloc(PyObject *self)
{
    /* Deallocate Encoder */
    encoder_clear(self);
    Py_TYPE(self)->tp_free(self);
}

static int
encoder_traverse(PyObject *self, visitproc visit, void *arg)
{
    PyEncoderObject *s;
    assert(PyEncoder_Check(self));
    s = (PyEncoderObject *)self;
    Py_VISIT(s->markers);
    Py_VISIT(s->defaultfn);
    Py_VISIT(s->encoder);
    Py_VISIT(s->indent);
    Py_VISIT(s->key_separator);
    Py_VISIT(s->item_separator);
    Py_VISIT(s->sort_keys);
    Py_VISIT(s->skipkeys);
    Py_VISIT(s->key_memo);
    return 0;
}

static int
encoder_clear(PyObject *self)
{
    /* Deallocate Encoder */
    PyEncoderObject *s;
    assert(PyEncoder_Check(self));
    s = (PyEncoderObject *)self;
    Py_CLEAR(s->markers);
    Py_CLEAR(s->defaultfn);
    Py_CLEAR(s->encoder);
    Py_CLEAR(s->indent);
    Py_CLEAR(s->key_separator);
    Py_CLEAR(s->item_separator);
    Py_CLEAR(s->sort_keys);
    Py_CLEAR(s->skipkeys);
    Py_CLEAR(s->key_memo);
    return 0;
}

PyDoc_STRVAR(encoder_doc, "_iterencode(obj, _current_indent_level) -> iterable");

static
PyTypeObject PyEncoderType = {
    PyObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL)
    0,                    /* tp_internal */
    "simplejson._speedups.Encoder",       /* tp_name */
    sizeof(PyEncoderObject), /* tp_basicsize */
    0,                    /* tp_itemsize */
    encoder_dealloc, /* tp_dealloc */
    0,                    /* tp_print */
    0,                    /* tp_getattr */
    0,                    /* tp_setattr */
    0,                    /* tp_compare */
    0,                    /* tp_repr */
    0,                    /* tp_as_number */
    0,                    /* tp_as_sequence */
    0,                    /* tp_as_mapping */
    0,                    /* tp_hash */
    encoder_call,         /* tp_call */
    0,                    /* tp_str */
    0,                    /* tp_getattro */
    0,                    /* tp_setattro */
    0,                    /* tp_as_buffer */
    Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC,   /* tp_flags */
    encoder_doc,          /* tp_doc */
    encoder_traverse,     /* tp_traverse */
    encoder_clear,        /* tp_clear */
    0,                    /* tp_richcompare */
    0,                    /* tp_weaklistoffset */
    0,                    /* tp_iter */
    0,                    /* tp_iternext */
    0,                    /* tp_methods */
    encoder_members,      /* tp_members */
    0,                    /* tp_getset */
    0,                    /* tp_base */
    0,                    /* tp_dict */
    0,                    /* tp_descr_get */
    0,                    /* tp_descr_set */
    0,                    /* tp_dictoffset */
    encoder_init,         /* tp_init */
    0,                    /* tp_alloc */
    encoder_new,          /* tp_new */
    0,                    /* tp_free */
};

static PyMethodDef speedups_methods[] = {
    {"encode_basestring_ascii",
        (PyCFunction)py_encode_basestring_ascii,
        METH_O,
        pydoc_encode_basestring_ascii},
    {"scanstring",
        (PyCFunction)py_scanstring,
        METH_VARARGS,
        pydoc_scanstring},
    {NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}
};

PyDoc_STRVAR(module_doc,
"simplejson speedups\n");

void
init_speedups(void)
{
    PyObject *m, *decimal;
    PyScannerType.tp_new = PyType_GenericNew;
    if (PyType_Ready(&PyScannerType) < 0)
        return;
    PyEncoderType.tp_new = PyType_GenericNew;
    if (PyType_Ready(&PyEncoderType) < 0)
        return;

    decimal = PyImport_ImportModule("decimal");
    if (decimal == NULL)
        return;
    DecimalTypePtr = (PyTypeObject*)PyObject_GetAttrString(decimal, "Decimal");
    Py_DECREF(decimal);
    if (DecimalTypePtr == NULL)
        return;

    m = Py_InitModule3("_speedups", speedups_methods, module_doc);
    Py_INCREF((PyObject*)&PyScannerType);
    PyModule_AddObject(m, "make_scanner", (PyObject*)&PyScannerType);
    Py_INCREF((PyObject*)&PyEncoderType);
    PyModule_AddObject(m, "make_encoder", (PyObject*)&PyEncoderType);
}